hillary clinton
Hillary Rodham
Working for change, before we thought we knew her…

Growing up
Hillary grew up in the Chicago area with two younger brothers.  She
played tennis and earned awards as a Girl Scout.  In high school, she
participated in student council, the debate team and the National
Honor Society.

Finding out grownups didn’t always play fair
At age 13 she volunteered to help canvass South Chicago following the
1960 presidential election, finding evidence of vote fraud against
Richard Nixon, who lost to JFK. (Many experts believe there were
improprieties in Chicago voting, which swung the election)

Early Mentors
Her early political development was shaped most strongly by her
energizing high school history teacher, a fervent anti-communist, and by
her Methodist youth minister, concerned with issues of social justice.
She met civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr. in Chicago when she
was 15

Make Peace Not War
At age 16, she volunteered for candidate Barry Goldwater in the
presidential election of 1964, in which he lost to incumbent Lyndon
Johnson.  In her Junior year in college, she became a supporter of the
anti-war presidential candidate Senator Eugene McCarthy.

Champion of the underdog
Hillary majored in political science at Wellesley College.  She organized a
2-day student strike and worked with black students for change, such
as recruiting more black students and faculty.  She was elected
president of the Wellesley College Government Association.

From Young Republican to Young Democrat
At Wellesley, she served as president of the Young Republicans,
however due to her changing views regarding civil rights and the
Vietnam war, she stepped down from that position.  A political science
professor gave her the opportunity to intern at the House Republican
Conference, where she was assigned to Nelson Rockefeller’s campaign
for the Republican Nomination.  Her assignment enabled her to attend
the 1968 Republican Convention, where she decided to leave the
Republican party for good, upset over how Nixon’s campaign portrayed
Rockefeller and what she perceived as the veiled racist messages of the
convention.

Learning about radical change
She returned to Wellesley and wrote her senior thesis about the tactics
of radical organizer Saul Alinsky.  Years later, when she was first lady,
the paper was suppressed by the White House and became the subject
of speculation as to its contents.

Student has audacity to criticize a Senator
Hillary Rodham was the first student to speak at commencement
exercises for Wellesley College.  Her speech was critical of the previous
speaker, Senator Edward Brooke.  She received a standing ovation
lasting seven minutes.   She received national media attention as a
result, being featured in an article in Life magazine, and appearing on
nationally syndicated TV talk shows.  

Something smells fishy
That summer, she worked her way across Alaska, working at Mount
McKinley National Park.  She also worked in a fish processing cannery
where she complained about unhealthy conditions.  The cannery fired
her and shut down virtually overnight.

Extracurricular Activities at Law School
Rodham then entered Yale Law School, where she met another young
law student by the name of Bill Clinton.  During her second year, she
worked at the Yale Child Study Center, learning about new research on
childhood brain development and working as a research assistant on,
Beyond the Best Interests of the Child, which became a seminal work in
the field.  She also took on cases of child abuse at Yale Hospital, and
volunteered to provide free legal advice for the poor.

Summer internships
One summer she was awarded a grant to work on a Washington
Research Project, where she got assigned to Senator Walter Mondale’s
Subcommittee on Migratory Labor. She later served a summer internship
at a California law firm which was well-known for its support of
constitutional rights, civil liberties, and radical causes.  Bill Clinton
canceled his summer plans to live with her in Berkeley, California. The
following summer, they campaigned for Democratic presidential
candidate George McGovern.

Post-Graduation
After graduating from Yale Law, Bill proposed marriage, but she
declined at that time.  Instead she completed a post-graduate study on
children and medicine at the Yale Child Study Center.  Her first
scholarly paper, “Children Under the Law”, was published in the
Harvard Educational Review and became frequently cited in the field.

Research on Nixon’s Watergate scandal
During her post-graduate study, she was a member of the impeachment
inquiry staff, in Washington D.C., advising the House Committee during
the Watergate scandal.  The committee’s work culminated in the
resignation of President Richard Nixon.

Maintaining Her Identity
By then, Hillary Rodham was viewed as someone with a bright political
future.  One mentor said she had the potential to become senator or
president one day.  While her career prospects in Washington D.C. were
promising, she initially failed the D.C. Bar exam, but passed the
Arkansas exam.  She later wrote that she then followed her heart and
moved to Arkansas with Bill, who was teaching law and running for the
U.S. House of Representatives.  Hillary landed a position at the
University of Arkansas, as one of only 2 female faculty members.  

She was still uncertain about marriage, concerned about losing her
identity and having her accomplishments viewed in the light of someone
else’s.  But Bill was persistent, they finally married and moved to Little
Rock.  

Defending the underdog
Hillary joined a major law firm in Little Rock and worked pro bono in
child advocacy cases and co-founded the Arkansas Advocates for
Children and Families.

In 1977, President Jimmy Carter appointed her to the board of directors
of the Legal Services Corporation, the first woman to serve as
Chairperson.  The LSC was founded to ensure equal access to the law
for all Americans.  During her time there, funding expanded to $300
million and she successfully battled president Ronald Reagan’s initial
attempts to reduce the funding and change the organization.

She served on the boards of the Arkansas Children’s Hospital Legal
Services and the Children's Defense Fund and was the first female
member of  Wal-Mart’s Board of Directors, where she pushed
environmentally-friendly practices.

Dedicated to Improving Education
As First Lady of Arkansas, she chaired the Educational Standards
Committee and battled against the establishment to put mandatory
teacher testing and state standards for curriculum and classroom size in
place.  She introduced the Home Instruction Program for Preschool
Youth.

National Recognition
She continued to practice law, and was twice named by the National
Law Journal as one of the 100 most influential lawyers in America, long
before her husband became a national political figure.
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